Indonesia shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and the eastern part of Malaysia, as well as maritime borders with Singapore, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines, Australia, Palau, and India. The country's capital, Jakarta, is the world's second-most populous urban area. It has 38 provinces, of which nine have special status. Indonesia is a presidential republic with an elected legislature.
Java, the world's most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population.
With around 279 million people, Indonesia is the world's fourth-most populous country and the most populous Muslim-majority country. Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the 14th-largest country by area, at 1,904,569 square kilometres (735,358 square miles). It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea. Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia ( Indonesian: Republik Indonesia), is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans.